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Tanjore plates, also known as Thanjavur plates, are a traditional form of South Indian art and craft originating from the town of Thanjavur (formerly known as Tanjore) in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. These plates are characterized by their intricate and colorful relief work, which often features depictions of deities, mythological scenes, and intricate designs. Here are some key aspects of Tanjore plates:
History: Tanjore plates have a rich history that dates back several centuries. They were initially created as offerings to Hindu deities in temples and were used to decorate the shrines. Over time, this art form evolved to become a popular craft.
Materials: The base material for Tanjore plates is typically a wooden plank, although they can also be made on materials like copper or brass. The wooden base is covered with a layer of cloth or paper, and then a mixture of chalk powder or gypsum is applied to create a smooth surface for painting.
Artistic Style: What makes Tanjore plates distinctive is the use of raised, three-dimensional relief work. This is often created using a mixture of chalk powder and a binding medium. The raised portions are then painted with vibrant colors, including gold leaf or foil to add a touch of opulence.
Themes: The themes of Tanjore plates are predominantly religious or mythological. They often feature depictions of gods and goddesses from Hindu mythology, particularly Lord Krishna, Lord Ganesha, and Goddess Lakshmi. Scenes from ancient Hindu epics like the Ramayana and Mahabharata are also commonly portrayed.
Intricate Detail: The artists pay great attention to detail, resulting in richly ornamented figures and elaborate backgrounds. Precious and semiprecious stones may also be used to embellish the artwork.
Significance: Tanjore plates are not just decorative items but are considered sacred art in South India. They are used in temples as offerings and are also given as gifts during auspicious occasions like weddings and festivals.
Evolution: While the traditional art of Tanjore plates has been preserved, modern artists have also adapted this style to create contemporary pieces. These can include secular themes, portraits, and other creative expressions.
Tanjore plates are a testament to the skilled craftsmanship and artistic traditions of South India. They continue to be valued for their aesthetic and religious significance, and they are often displayed in homes, temples, and cultural exhibitions.